Darjeeling gets to see `rare' sight.... Geographers call this phenomenon an advection fog

Vivek Chhetri, TT, 20 December 2018, Darjeeling: A sea of fog blanketed valleys in Darjeeling on Wednesday, a day after Sandakphu had been enveloped in white following snowfall.

The rare phenomenon, which geographers call advection fog, provided a joie de vivre moment to tourists and local people alike.

Rajesh Thapa couldn’t stop exclaiming “joie de vivre!” when he looked down from the Mall in the Darjeeling town, though the man in his late 40s always lived in the hills.

While Mt Kanchenjungha was glistening against an azure sky, the fog hovered over valleys from Darjeeling to Namchi in Sikkim.

Geographers explained that the snowfall at Sandakphu (12,000ft) and on higher mountains had acted as a catalyst. Sandakphu, the highest point in Bengal, had received a three-inch snowfall on Tuesday morning.

“This is a classic example of advection fog,” said Nima Doma Lama, head of the postgraduate geography department at Siliguri College.

The teacher has said the temperature drops as one gains altitude during normal conditions. “For every one kilometre ascent, there is a drop of 6 degrees Celsius in temperature. This is the normal lapse rate,” she added.

However, when the ground gets colder than the higher slopes and moist air passes over the cool surface, advection fog is formed, said Doma Lama. “We are used to seeing it in text books; it was beautiful to see it in our hills,” she added.

The Darjeeling residents said although fog had formed near the massif in the past too, it was never on the scale of one witnessed on Wednesday.

The social media was flooded with images of picture-postcard hills.

The sky remained clear from morning to evening in the hill town though the fog dissipated by around 10am.

Asked about the difference between cloud and fog, Doma Lama said: “Clouds form at different elevations, starting from the ground level, all the way up to more than 30,000ft. Fog, to put it very simply, is clouds near the ground, where visibility is reduced to less than 1km. When visibility is more than 1km, it is ‘mist’.”

The day was relatively warmer than Tuesday with the noon temperature hovering around 7 degrees Celsius.

A sea of fog blanketed valleys in Darjeeling on Wednesday, a day after Sandakphu had been enveloped in white following snowfall.
The rare phenomenon, which geographers call advection fog, provided a joie de vivre moment to tourists and local people alike.
Rajesh Thapa couldn't stop exclaiming "joie de vivre!" when he looked down from the Mall here though the man in his late 40s always lived in the hills.
While Mt Kanchenjungha was glistening against an azure sky, the fog hovered over valleys from Darjeeling to Namchi in Sikkim.
Geographers explained that the snowfall at Sandakphu (12,000ft) and higher mountains had definitely acted as a catalyst. A three-inch snowfall at Sandakphu, the highest point in Bengal, on Tuesday morning had radiated the romance of winters in Darjeeling.
"This is a classic example of advection fog," said Nima Doma Lama, the head of postgraduate geography department at Siliguri College.
The teacher has said the temperature drops as one gains altitude during normal conditions.
"For every one kilometre ascent, there is a drop of 6 degrees Celsius in temperature. This is the normal lapse rate," she added.
However, when the ground gets colder than the higher slopes and when moist air passes over this cool surface, advection fog is formed, said Doma Lama.
"We are used to seeing it in text books; it was beautiful to see it in our hills," she added. The Darjeeling residents said although fog had formed near the massifs in the past too, it was never on the scale of one witnessed on Wednesday.
Asked about the difference between cloud and fog, Doma Lama said: "Clouds form at different elevations, starting from the ground level, all the way up to more than 30,000ft. Fog, to put it very simply, is clouds near the ground, where visibility is reduced to less than 1km. When visibility is more than 1km, it is `mist'." The sky remained clear from morning to evening in the hill town though the fog dissipated by around 10am.
The day was relatively warmer than Tuesday with the noon temperature hovering around 7 degrees Celsius.
The social media was flooded with images of picture-postcard hills.
Winter in plains The temperature remained low across north Bengal on Wednesday because of the snowfall at Sandakphu and the rainfall the previous day.
The temperature dropped to two degrees in Darjeeling and 5.2 degrees in Gangtok. At some other places in Sikkim, the minimum temperature in the past 24 hours was between five and six degrees, IMD sources said.
The mercury plummeted to 10 degrees in Siliguri and 9.3 degree Celsius in Cooch Behar on Tuesday night.
"The minimum temperature will remain same in the next few days but the day time temperature might go up by some degrees. A cold breeze was felt in most parts of north Bengal as there was sunshine after the snowfall that melted the ice," said a Met expert. The IMD has also issued a warning of fog for the entire region. "At some places, the visibility might even come down to 200m," said a source.